BOOK OF JASHER
FAITHFULLY TRANSLATED
(1840)
FROM THE ORIGINAL HEBREW INTO ENGLISH
A Reprint of
PHOTO LITHOGRAPHIC REPRINT
PUBLISHED BY J.H. PARRY & COMPANY
SALT LAKE CITY: 1887
"Is not this written in the Book of Jasher?"--Joshua, x. 13.
"Behold it is written in the Book of Jasher."--II Samuel, i. 18
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 The Creation of Adam and Eve. The Fall. Birth of Cain and Abel. Abel a Keeper
of Sheep. Cain a Tiller of the Soil. The Quarrel Between the Brothers and the Result. Cain,
the First Murderer, Cursed of God.
CHAPTER 2 Seth is Born. People begin to Multiply and Become Idolatrous. Third Part of the
Earth Destroyed. Earth cursed and becomes corrupt through the Wickedness of Men.
Cainan, a Wise and Righteous King, Foretells the Flood. Enoch is
Born.
CHAPTER 3 Enoch Reigns over the Earth. Enoch Establishes Righteousness upon the
Earth, and after Reigning Two Hundred and Forty Years is
Translated.
CHAPTER 4 The People of the Earth Again Become Corrupt. Noah is
Born.
CHAPTER 5 Noah and Methuselah Preach Repentance for One Hundred and Twenty
Years. Noah Builds the Ark. Death of Methuselah.
CHAPTER 6 Animals, Beasts, and Fowls Preserved in the Ark. Noah and his Sons, and their
Wives are Shut in. When the Floods come the People want to get in. Noah One Year in the
Ark.
CHAPTER 7 The Generations of Noah. The Garments of Skin made for Adam Stolen by
Ham and they Descend to Nimrod the Mighty Hunter, who Becomes the King of the Whole
Earth. The Birth of Abram.
CHAPTER 8 The Wise Men of Nimrod, by their Divination, Foretell the Evil that Abram will
do to Nimrod's Kingdom, and they seek to kill the Child. Abram, with his Mother and Nurse
are Hid in a cave for Ten Years.
CHAPTER 9 When Ten Years Old, Abram goes to Noah and Shem, Remains with them for
Thirty-nine Years, and is Taught in all the Ways of the Lord. The Wickedness of Nimrod and
his People. They Propose to Build a Tower to Heaven and Dethrone God. The confusion of
Tongues.
CHAPTER 10 The Descendants of Noah, Scattered over the whole earth, build themselves
Cities.
CHAPTER 11 Nimrod's Wicked Reign. The Idolatry of Terah, Abram's Father. When Fifty
Years old, Abram returns to his Father's House and Discovers his Idols. Makes a pretext to
destroy them. After making Savory Meat for the gods, Abram takes a Hatchet and destroys
them, leaving the Hatchet in the hands of the larger one, where it is discovered by his Father,
who is told by Abram that the Great God had risen up in anger and Destroyed his Fellows.
Terah in his wrath betrays Abram to the King, who brings him up before the Throne for
Judgment. Abram Warns his Father and the King, before all the Princes, of the Evils of
Idolatry.
CHAPTER 12 Abram placed in Prison, and is condemned after ten days to be cast into a
Fiery Furnace. His Brother Haran being Falsely Accused is condemned to the same Fate. As
Haran's heart was not right before the Lord, he perished, but Abram is Delivered and is
brought forth Alive. Is Presented with Many Gifts. The King Dreams of Abram, and again
Seeks his Life. Abram flees to the House of
Noah.
CHAPTER 13 On Abram's account Terah and all his House, with Abram, Leave Ur Casdim
to go to the Land of Canaan. They tarry in Haran, where the Lord Appears to Abram, and
upon condition of Faithfulness, Promises many Blessings. Abram, commanded of the Lord,
takes his Wife and all belonging to him and goes to the Land of Canaan, where the Lord
again appears to him and Promises the Land of Canaan as an Everlasting Inheritance. After
Fifteen Years, Abram returns to Haran to Visit his Father. Teaches many to Walk in the Ways
of the Lord. Again commanded to go to Canaan, where he Builds an Altar. The Lord renews
his Covenant with him.
CHAPTER 14 Rikayon's cunning Device to make Money of the
Egyptians.
CHAPTER 15 On Account of Famine in Canaan, Abram goes to Egypt. Tells the People that
Sarah is his Sister, on account of her Beauty. Pharaoh Desires to take her, but is Prevented
by an Angel of the Lord. The Truth is made known, and Sarah is Restored to Abram, with
many Presents. Abram returns to his Home. Trouble between Lot and Abram on account of
Lot's cattle. Lot Removes to Sodom.
CHAPTER 16 Four Kings with Eight Hundred Thousand Men War against Sodom and the
Cities of the Plain, and destroy and plunder their people. Abram, Hearing that Lot is taken
captive, gathers together about Three Hundred Men and Pursues the Kings, retakes the
captives, and smites the whole Army of the confederate Rings. On his Return, Abram meets
Adonizedek, King of Jerusalem, the same was Shem. Abram gives Tithing of all he had taken
to Adonizedek, and is Blessed of Him. Abram Restores to every Man his property which he
had retaken in the War, and returns to Hebron. The Lord again appears to Abram and
promises to bless him with a Numberless Posterity. Sarah being childless gives Hagar to
Abram for a Wife, and becoming jealous of her, afflicts her. An Angel comforts Hagar.
Ishmael is Born.
CHAPTER 17 The Lord Appears to Abram and Establishes the Covenant of Circumcision,
and calls his name Abraham, and Sarai, He calls Sarah.
CHAPTER 18 Abraham Entertains Three Angels, who eat with him. Sarah is promised a
Son. The People of Sodom and Gomorrah, and of all the Cities of the Plain become very
Wicked.
CHAPTER 19 The Abominations of the people of Sodom and Gomorrah. Two Angels sent to
Save Lot. The Cities of the Plain and all their Inhabitants Destroyed by
Fire.
CHAPTER 20 Abraham goes to the land of the Philistines, and again tells the People that
Sarah is his Sister. Abimelech the King desires her for a Wife. An Angel warns him, and
commands him to return her to her Husband. The whole land afflicted on account of the
matter. Sarah Restored to Abraham, who entreats the Lord to heal the People of
Abimelech.
CHAPTER 21 Isaac is Born, causing much Rejoicing among the Friends of Abraham.
Ishmael Attempts to kill Isaac, and on that account is sent away with his Mother. Ishmael is
blessed with Riches and Posterity.
CHAPTER 22 Ishmael returns to his Father, with his Wives and Children. Abraham Returns
to Canaan and makes his Home in Beersheba, where he Hospitably Entertains all strangers
and teaches them the way of the Lord. Isaac and Ishmael's conversation. The Offering of
Isaac Foretold. Satan's opinion of the Father of the
Faithful.
CHAPTER 23 Abraham commanded to Offer up Isaac, in the Land Moriah. Abraham's
Obedience. Sarah's Affliction. What Happened on the Way. Satan attempts to hinder them.
Isaac an Acceptable Offering. Father and Son alone. The willingness of Isaac. He Assists his
Father in Building the Altar. While they both weep bitterly, they yet Rejoice to be counted
worthy before the Lord. Isaac bound and placed upon the Altar. The Angels of God intercede
for Isaac, who is released at the command of the Lord, and a Ram is offered in his place.
Satan, by his deception and Evils, causes the Death of Sarah.
CHAPTER 24 Abraham Purchases a Burial Place. Isaac sent to the House of Shem and
Eber to Learn the Way of the Lord. Eliezer is sent to get a Wife for Isaac. Goes to the House
of Bethuel and brings Rebecca.
CHAPTER 25 Abraham takes Keturah for a Wife, by whom he has Six Sons. The
Generations of the Sons of Keturah, and of Ishmael.
CHAPTER 26 Isaac and Rebecca pray for children. Their Prayers answered, and Esau and
Jacob are Born. Abraham, after recounting all the Wonderful Works of the Lord, enjoins his
Son to Walk in His way and keep His Commandments. In the Fifteenth Year of Jacob and
Esau's lives, Abraham Dies and is Buried by all the Kings of the land. All the People and even
the children mourn for Abraham for a Full.
CHAPTER 27 Esau slays Nimrod and Two of his Mighty Men. Returns Home weary from the
Fight, and sells his Birthright for Value.
CHAPTER 28 On account of Famine, Isaac goes to Gerar, the Land of the Philistines. After
the Famine he Returns at the Command of the Lord to Hebron. Jacob is sent to the House of
Shem where he Remains Thirty-two Years to learn the Way of the Lord, but Esau would not
go. Esau marries a Canaanitish
Woman.
CHAPTER 29 Jacob by deceit obtains his Brother's Blessing. Jacob fearing his Brother's
anger, flees to the House of Eber, where he remains for Fourteen Years. Esau again marries
a Woman of the Land. Jacob returns to his Father, but being still threatened by Esau, is
advised by his Mother to go to her Brother Laban, in Haran. Jacob goes to Haran, being
Commanded by his Father not to Marry any of the Daughters of Canaan. Jacob is Waylaid on
the Road, by the Son of Esau, and is Robbed of all he
Possessed.
CHAPTER 30 When he Arrives at Mount Moriah, the Lord appears to Jacob and establishes
His Covenant with him. Arriving at his Uncle's House he Engages to Serve Seven Years for
Rachel.
CHAPTER 31 Jacob is Deceived and is given Leah in Place of Rachel, but is Given Rachel
for Seven Years' more Service. Jacob serves Laban six years longer for Wages and becomes
very Rich, when the Lord Appears to him and commands him to Return to the Land of
Canaan. Jacob Obeys and goes from Laban. Rachel Steals her Father's gods, that he may
not know where Jacob has fled. Laban Pursues him, but establishes a covenant of peace.
Laban breaks his Covenant by sending his Son secretly to Esau that Jacob may Fall in his
Hands. Esau, with Four Hundred Men, seek to Destroy Jacob.
CHAPTER 32 Jacob sends a Message of Peace to his Brother, who rejects it with contempt,
and Advances to Destroy him. Hosts of Angels cause the Fear of Jacob to come upon Esau,
and he goes to meet him in peace, in answer to Jacob's Prayer. Jacob Wrestles with an
Angel of the Lord.
CHAPTER 33 Jacob goes to Shechem. Prince Shechem defiles Dinah the Daughter of
Jacob. Shechem desires her for a Wife.
CHAPTER 34 The Perfidy of Shechem. Simeon and Levi, Sons of Jacob, avenge the Honor
of their Sister Dinah, Destroy all the Men of the City, and Spoil it. The People of Canaan
conspire to avenge the cause of Shechem. Isaac and Jacob Pray for
Succor.
CHAPTER 35 The Fear of God come upon the Canaanites, and they do not Fight with
Jacob.
CHAPTER 36 Jacob and his House goes to Bethel, where the Lord appears to him, calls his
name Israel, and Blesses him. The Generations of Jacob and
Esau.
CHAPTER 37 Jacob Returns to Shechem. The Kings of Canaan again assemble against
Jacob. Jacob's Ten Sons with One Hundred and Two of their servants Fight against the
Canaanites and Amorites, and are successful.
CHAPTER 38 and 39 The Sons of Jacob Destroy many Cities of Canaan and all their
people.
CHAPTER 40 The Remaining Twenty-one Kings of Canaan, fearing the Sons of Jacob,
make a permanent Peace with them.
CHAPTER 41 Joseph, the Son of Jacob, Dreams of his Future Exaltation over his Brethren.
Being his Father's Favorite, his Brethren become Jealous. Joseph is sent to Visit his
Brethren. They conspire against him, and at the Suggestion of Reuben Place him in a
Pit.
CHAPTER 42 Joseph is sold to a company of Midianites, who in Turn sold him to the
Ishmaelites, who take him down to Egypt. An account of his Journey thither, and of his
Affliction on the Road.
CHAPTER 43 Reuben's Anguish at not Finding Joseph in the Pit. The Brothers contrive to
Deceive their Father by Dipping his coat in Blood. Jacob's Anguish at the loss of his
Son.
CHAPTER 44 Joseph is sold to Potiphar, an Officer of Pharaoh. Zelicah, the Wife of
Potiphar, seeks to entice Joseph to do Evil, but all her advances are Rejected. Is Falsely
Accused by her and is brought to Judgment. Is Acquitted by his Judges, but for the Sake of
the Report against Potiphar's Wife, he is cast into
Prison.
CHAPTER 45 An Account of the Families of Jacob's Sons.
CHAPTER 46 Joseph Interprets the Dreams of his Fellow-Prisoners.
CHAPTER 47 Isaac Blesses his two Sons and Dies. His Property is Divided. Esau takes all
the personal Property and Jacob chooses the Inheritance of the Land of Canaan, with the
Cave of Machpelah for a Burying Place.
CHAPTER 48 Pharaoh's Dreams. Not Receiving a Satisfactory Interpretation from the
Magicians, he orders the Wise Men to be Slain. The King's Butler makes Joseph's Gifts
known to Pharaoh. Joseph is Brought before the King, who Relates his Dreams to him.
Joseph, by the Gift of God, Interprets them. A great Famine
Predicted.
CHAPTER 49 Pharaoh Assembles all the Great Men of the Kingdom, and desires to appoint
Joseph to Govern Egypt. They Object because he cannot speak all the Seventy Languages of
the Earth. An Angel visits Joseph and teaches him all the Languages of the Earth. When
brought before the King, Joseph's Wisdom and Knowledge please Pharaoh and all the
Princes of Egypt, and he is appointed the Second to the King, and all authority is given him.
Joseph is made Wealthy and clothed in Princely apparel and proclaimed Governor of Egypt.
Is given the Daughter of Potiphar for a Wife.
CHAPTER 50 Joseph goes to help the Ishmaelites against their Enemies. Great Plenty
prevails in Egypt as Joseph predicted. Joseph's Two Sons, Manasseh and Ephraim. Joseph
stores up Food throughout Egypt. That stored by the Egyptians is spoiled. The Famine
prevails over all the Land and Joseph sells corn to all the Egyptians and the surrounding
Nations. Knowing that his Brethren will have to come to Egypt for Corn, he arranges to meet
them when they come.
CHAPTER 51 Jacob sends his Ten Oldest Sons to Egypt for Food. Tells them not to enter in
at one gate but to go in Separately. On the way they Covenant together to seek for Joseph,
and if they cannot ransom him they resolve to take him by force. They enter in at ten gates,
and spread themselves to seek for Joseph three days. Joseph, in the meantime, has his men
Seeking them. When found they are brought before Joseph who accuses them of being
Spies. Joseph sends his Brethren home with corn, while Simeon is kept as a hostage till they
shall again come to Egypt with their Younger Brother. They are astonished to find their Money
in their sacks of corn.
CHAPTER 52 Jacob's sorrow at the absence of Simeon; Refuses to let Benjamin go. But
when he and his Household become pinched with hunger, Judah pleads for Benjamin. Tells
his Father of the great glory and Authority of the Governor of Egypt and offers himself as
Security for his Younger Brother. Jacob consents and sends his Sons again to Egypt with a
conciliatory Letter and Present to the
Governor.
CHAPTER 53 Jacob's Sons again go to Egypt for Bread. Benjamin is presented before
Joseph. Joseph's Cup. Joseph's conduct towards Benjamin by which he makes himself
known to him. Resolves to prove his Brethren by taking away Benjamin from them, and puts
his Cup in Benjamin's sack of corn and sends them Home to their Father. An Officer is sent
after them who accuses them of purloining his Master's Cup. Brings them back to Joseph.
Benjamin is taken from them by force, and they are told to go on their
way.
CHAPTER 54 Judah breaks through the Door to get to Joseph and Benjamin. He recounts
the many Mighty Deeds of his Brethren and threatens to destroy all Egypt if Benjamin be not
released. Joseph wrangles with his Brethren and accuses them of Selling their Brother. They
commence to war upon the Egyptians, and frighten the whole Land. After satisfying himself of
their repentance for selling their Brother, Joseph makes himself known to them, and bestows
presents upon them. They are presented before Pharaoh, who commands Joseph to bring all
his Father's Household Down to Egypt. He sends Chariots for this Purpose, laden with
Presents, Luxuries and Clothing. Jacob's joy on Learning that Joseph is still
Alive.
CHAPTER 55 The Lord commands Jacob to go down to Egypt, where He will make him a
Great Nation. Joseph and all Egypt go to meet Jacob to do him Honor when he arrives. The
Land of Goshen is given to him and his
Children.
CHAPTER 56 After Seventeen Years' Dwelling in Egypt, Jacob dies, after Blessing his
Children and commanding them to go in the Way of the Lord. Joseph and his Brethren and all
the Mighty Men of Egypt go up to Canaan to Bury Jacob. Esau, claiming the Land of Canaan
as his, will not Allow Joseph to Bury his Father. After Esau and many of his People are slain,
Jacob is Buried by Force. All the Kings of Canaan come up to do him Honor.
CHAPTER 57 The Sons of Esau make war with the Sons of Jacob and are smitten. Some
are taken captive to Egypt. The Children of Esau enlist the People of Seir to Accompany them
to Egypt to Deliver their Brethren. Joseph and his Brethren and the Egyptians slay Six
Hundred Thousand. Nearly all the Mighty Men of Seir being Slain, they make war with the
Children of Esau to Drive them from their Land. Esau prevails and utterly annihilates the
Children of Seir.
CHAPTER 58 Pharaoh dies and the whole Government of Egypt devolves upon Joseph,
Pharaoh the Younger being but a nominal Ruler. The Children of Esau again come Against
the Israelites, and are again smitten.
CHAPTER 59 Jacob's Posterity in Egypt. After Prophesying that the Lord would Deliver his
Brethren from Egypt, Joseph dies and is buried, and the Israelites are ruled over by the
Egyptians.
CHAPTER 60 Zepho, the Son of Eliphaz, the Son of Esau, who was taken Captive by
Joseph where he Buried his Father, Escapes from Egypt with all his
Men.
CHAPTERS 61, 62, and 63 Petty Wars and contentions of the Nations of Africa with
Zepho.
CHAPTER 64 Zepho Leads a Great Army of Chittimites, Edomites, and Ishmaelites against
Egypt. Three Hundred Thousand Egyptians put to Flight, but One Hundred and Fifty Men of
Israel prevail against Zepho.
CHAPTER 65 The Elders of Egypt conspire with Pharaoh and cunningly bring Israel into
Bondage to them. Being afraid of their power, they afflict them in order to lessen the Number
of the Children of Israel.
CHAPTER 66 Pharaoh Decrees that every Male Child born in Israel shall be Killed, and still
they increase.
CHAPTER 67 Aaron is Born. On Account of Pharaoh's decree, many of the Sons of Israel
live apart from their Wives. The King's counsellors devise another plan to lessen the number
of Israel by drowning them. The Lord finds a means of preserving the Male
Children.
CHAPTER 68 Moses, a Child of Promise, is born. The Egyptian Women acting as Spies.
Moses is discovered, and placed by his Mother in an Ark of Bulrushes. Is Found and Adopted
by the Daughter of Pharaoh, and grows up among the King's
Children.
CHAPTER 69 Pharaoh Proclaims, that if any of the Israelites are short in their Labor, either
in Bricks or Mortar, his Youngest Son shall be put in their
Place.
CHAPTER 70 Moses puts the King's crown upon his own head. Baalam and the Wise Men
make this a Pretext against him. When grown up, Moses visits his Brethren, and learns of
their Grievances. Moses obtains a day's rest on the Sabbath for all
Israel.
CHAPTER 71 Moses slays an Egyptian and being Discovered flees from Egypt. Aaron
Prophecies.
CHAPTER 72 Moses flees to Cush. At the Death of the king, he is chosen in his Stead. He
Reigns Forty Years in Cush.
CHAPTER 73 The Reign of Moses, and his Strategic Warfare.
CHAPTER 74 War in Africa.
CHAPTER 75 Thirty Thousand Ephraimites think it Time to get out of Egypt, Rise up to go to
Canaan, but are Slain by the Philistines.
CHAPTER 76 Moses leaves Cush and goes to the Land of Midian. Reuel, taking him for a
Refugee, keeps him in prison for Ten Years. Is fed by Zipporah, the Daughter of Reuel.
Pharaoh smitten of the Plague. Slays a child of the Israelites every day. He dies of the Rot,
and his Son, Adikam, Reigns in his
Stead.
CHAPTER 77 Adikam Pharaoh Afflicts Israel more than ever. Moses is Released by Reuel,
and Marries his Daughter Zipporah. Moses obtains possession of the Stick
Jehovah.
CHAPTER 78 Moses has Two Sons. Pharaoh withholds Straw from the
Israelites.
CHAPTER 79 The Lord appears to Moses and commands him to go down to Egypt to
Deliver Israel. Aaron meets him. Israel on hearing of his Mission greatly rejoices. Moses and
Aaron go to Pharaoh, who calls all the Magicians to meet Moses. They Perform Miracles as
well as Moses, and thus Deceive the King. Pharaoh, not finding the Name of Jehovah on any
of the Books of Records, says he does not know who He is, and will not let his People go.
Moses and Aaron teach Pharaoh, but he will not hearken, but causes the labor of the
Children of Israel to be increased. Moses being discouraged is told by the Lord that with an
outstretched hand and heavy Plagues, Israel shall be
Delivered.
CHAPTER 80 After Two Years, Moses and Aaron again go to Pharaoh, but Pharaoh will not
Hearken. The Lord afflicts Egypt with all manner of Plagues and Afflictions. The First-born of
all the Egyptians is Slain. Pharaoh sends the Children of Israel away, and all the Egyptians
rise up to urge their Departure, but they will not go in the
Night.
CHAPTER 81 The Departure of the Israelites from Egypt with Great Riches and Flocks and
Herds. After the Egyptians bury their First-born, many of them go after the Israelites to induce
them to return. But they refuse to return, and fight the Nobles of Egypt and drive them home.
Pharaoh resolves with the Egyptians to pursue Israel and compel them to Return. The
Children of Israel are divided. some wanting to go back. Moses prays for deliverance. The
Lord tells him not to cry to him, but proceed. The waters of the Red Sea are Divided. The
Israelites pass Through in Safety, but the Egyptians are utterly Destroyed. The Israelites
proceed on their Journey, and are fed with Manna. The Children of Esau fight Israel, but the
Latter Prevail.
CHAPTER 82 The Ten Commandments are Given. While Moses is in the Mount, Aaron
makes a Golden Calf, and Israel Worships it. Civil War. The Lord has a Sanctuary Built for
His Worship in the Wilderness.
CHAPTER 83 Aaron and his Sons are Placed in charge of the Lord's Service. The Sacrifices
and Offerings. The Passover is Celebrated. The People lust for Flesh to eat. Their
punishment. Moses sends Twelve Men to explore the Land of Canaan. Ten of them bring an
Evil Report, and the People want to Return to Egypt. For their Lack of Faith that Generation
shall not Live to obtain their
Possessions.
CHAPTER 84 The Earth Swallows up the Rebellious. The Children of Israel commanded not
to War with the Children of Esau, or Moab. The Edomites will not let Israel pass through their
Land.
CHAPTER 85 Some of the Canaanites rise up to fight Israel, who are frightened and run
away. But the Sons of Levi compel them to Return. They prevail over their Enemies. They
must not touch Ammon. Og, King of Bashan. Balaam is called upon to curse Israel, but will
not. Israel commits Whoredom with the Moabites, and they are Smitten with
Pestilence.
CHAPTER 86 All over twenty years of age at the time of Leaving Egypt die at the Expiration
of Forty Years. Israel is Numbered. The Midianites are destroyed, and their Spoil is Divided
among the People.
CHAPTER 87 Moses appoints Joshua his successor. The Lord encourages Joshua. Moses
teaches the children of Israel to Walk in the Way of the Lord. He goes up to Mount Abarim
and dies there.
CHAPTER 88 The Lord commands Joshua to prepare the People to pass over Jordan to
possess the Land. Jericho is Besieged, Taken, and Destroyed. Achan brings evil upon the
camp by Purloining the cursed thing, and Brings Destruction upon Himself. All is taken and
Destroyed. The Gibeonites cunningly save themselves. Five Kings rise up against Israel and
are destroyed. The Sun and Moon stand still at Joshua's Command.
CHAPTER 89 Joshua's Song of Praise. The Wars of Israel.
CHAPTER 90 The Edomites are Smitten by Chittim. The Land is Divided, and the people
have Rest. Joshua being Advanced in Years Exhorts the people to Observe all the Laws of
Moses, and then Dies.
CHAPTER 91 The Elders Judge Israel. They drive out all the Canaanites and Inherit the
Promised Land.
THE BOOK OF JASHER
THIS IS THE BOOK OF THE GENERATIONS OF MAN WHOM GOD CREATED
UPON THE EARTH ON THE DAY WHEN THE LORD GOD
MADE HEAVEN AND EARTH.
1 And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness, and God created man in
his own image.
2 And God formed man from the ground, and he blew into his nostrils the breath of life, and
man became a living soul endowed with speech.
3 And the Lord said, It is not good for man to be alone; I will make unto him a helpmeet.
4 And the Lord caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam, and he slept, and he took away one
of his ribs, and he built flesh upon it, and formed it and brought it to Adam, and Adam awoke
from his sleep, and behold a woman was standing before him.
5 And he said, This is a bone of my bones and it shall be called woman, for this has been
taken from man; and Adam called her name Eve, for she was the mother of all living.
6 And God blessed them and called their names Adam and Eve in the day that he created
them, and the Lord God said, Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth.
7 And the Lord God took Adam and his wife, and he placed them in the garden of Eden to
dress it and to keep it; and he commanded them and said unto them, From every tree of the
garden you may eat, but from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for
in the day that you eat thereof you shall surely die.
8 And when God had blessed and commanded them, he went from them, and Adam and his
wife dwelt in the garden according to the command which the Lord had commanded them.
9 And the serpent, which God had created with them in the earth, came to them to incite them
to transgress the command of God which he had commanded them.
10 And the serpent enticed and persuaded the woman to eat from the tree of knowledge, and
the woman hearkened to the voice of the serpent, and she transgressed the word of God, and
took from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, and she ate, and she took from it and
gave also to her husband and he ate.
11 And Adam and his wife transgressed the command of God which he commanded them,
and God knew it, and his anger was kindled against them and he cursed them.
12 And the Lord God drove them that day from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from
which they were taken, and they went and dwelt at the east of the garden of Eden; and Adam
knew his wife Eve and she bore two sons and three daughters.
13 And she called the name of the first born Cain, saying, I have obtained a man from the
Lord, and the name of the other she called Abel, for she said, In vanity we came into the
earth, and in vanity we shall be taken from it.
14 And the boys grew up and their father gave them a possession in the land; and Cain was a
tiller of the ground, and Abel a keeper of sheep.
15 And it was at the expiration of a few years, that they brought an approximating offering to
the Lord, and Cain brought from the fruit of the ground, and Abel brought from the firstlings of
his flock from the fat thereof, and God turned and inclined to Abel and his offering, and a fire
came down from the Lord from heaven and consumed it.
16 And unto Cain and his offering the Lord did not turn, and he did not incline to it, for he had
brought from the inferior fruit of the ground before the Lord, and Cain was jealous against his
brother Abel on account of this, and he sought a pretext to slay him.
17 And in some time after, Cain and Abel his brother, went one day into the field to do their
work; and they were both in the field, Cain tilling and ploughing his ground, and Abel feeding
his flock; and the flock passed that part which Cain had ploughed in the ground, and it sorely
grieved Cain on this account.
18 And Cain approached his brother Abel in anger, and he said unto him, What is there
between me and thee, that thou comest to dwell and bring thy flock to feed in my land?
19 And Abel answered his brother Cain and said unto him, What is there between me and
thee, that thou shalt eat the flesh of my flock and clothe thyself with their wool?
20 And now therefore, put off the wool of my sheep with which thou hast clothed thyself, and
recompense me for their fruit and flesh which thou hast eaten, and when thou shalt have
done this, I will then go from thy land as thou hast said?
21 And Cain said to his brother Abel, Surely if I slay thee this day, who will require thy blood
from me?
22 And Abel answered Cain, saying, Surely God who has made us in the earth, he will
avenge my cause, and he will require my blood from thee shouldst thou slay me, for the Lord
is the judge and arbiter, and it is he who will requite man according to his evil, and the wicked
man according to the wickedness that he may do upon earth.
23 And now, if thou shouldst slay me here, surely God knoweth thy secret views, and will
judge thee for the evil which thou didst declare to do unto me this day.
24 And when Cain heard the words which Abel his brother had spoken, behold the anger of
Cain was kindled against his brother Abel for declaring this thing.
25 And Cain hastened and rose up, and took the iron part of his ploughing instrument, with
which he suddenly smote his brother and he slew him, and Cain spilt the blood of his brother
Abel upon the earth, and the blood of Abel streamed upon the earth before the flock.
26 And after this Cain repented having slain his brother, and he was sadly grieved, and he
wept over him and it vexed him exceedingly.
27 And Cain rose up and dug a hole in the field, wherein he put his brother's body, and he
turned the dust over it.
28 And the Lord knew what Cain had done to his brother, and the Lord appeared to Cain and
said unto him, Where is Abel thy brother that was with thee?
29 And Cain dissembled, and said, I do not know, am I my brother's keeper? And the Lord
said unto him, What hast thou done? The voice of thy brother's blood crieth unto me from the
ground where thou hast slain him.
30 For thou hast slain thy brother and hast dissembled before me, and didst imagine in thy
heart that I saw thee not, nor knew all thy actions.
31 But thou didst this thing and didst slay thy brother for naught and because he spoke rightly
to thee, and now, therefore, cursed be thou from the ground which opened its mouth to
receive thy brother's blood from thy hand, and wherein thou didst bury him.
32 And it shall be when thou shalt till it, it shall no more give thee its strength as in the
beginning, for thorns and thistles shall the ground produce, and thou shalt be moving and
wandering in the earth until the day of thy death.
33 And at that time Cain went out from the presence of the Lord, from the place where he
was, and he went moving and wandering in the land toward the east of Eden, he and all
belonging to him.
34 And Cain knew his wife in those days, and she conceived and bare a son, and he called
his name Enoch, saying, In that time the Lord began to give him rest and quiet in the earth.
35 And at that time Cain also began to build a city: and he built the city and he called the
name of the city Enoch, according to the name of his son; for in those days the Lord had
given him rest upon the earth, and he did not move about and wander as in the beginning.
36 And Irad was born to Enoch, and Irad begat Mechuyael and Mechuyael begat Methusael.
1 And it was in the hundred and thirtieth year of the life of Adam upon the earth, that he again
knew Eve his wife, and she conceived and bare a son in his likeness and in his image, and
she called his name Seth, saying, Because God has appointed me another seed in the place
of Abel, for Cain has slain him.
2 And Seth lived one hundred and five years, and he begat a son; and Seth called the name
of his son Enosh, saying, Because in that time the sons of men began to multiply, and to
afflict their souls and hearts by transgressing and rebelling against God.
3 And it was in the days of Enosh that the sons of men continued to rebel and transgress
against God, to increase the anger of the Lord against the sons of men.
4 And the sons of men went and they served other gods, and they forgot the Lord who had
created them in the earth: and in those days the sons of men made images of brass and iron,
wood and stone, and they bowed down and served them.
5 And every man made his god and they bowed down to them, and the sons of men forsook
the Lord all the days of Enosh and his children; and the anger
of the Lord was kindled on account of their works and abominations which they did in the
earth.
6 And the Lord caused the waters of the river Gihon to overwhelm them, and he destroyed
and consumed them, and he destroyed the third part of the earth, and notwithstanding this,
the sons of men did not turn from their evil ways, and their hands were yet extended to do evil
in the sight of the Lord.
7 And in those days there was neither sowing nor reaping in the earth; and there was no food
for the sons of men and the famine was very great in those days.
8 And the seed which they sowed in those days in the ground became thorns, thistles and
briers; for from the days of Adam was this declaration concerning the earth, of the curse of
God, which he cursed the earth, on account of the sin which Adam sinned before the Lord.
9 And it was when men continued to rebel and transgress against God, and to corrupt their
ways, that the earth also became corrupt.
10 And Enosh lived ninety years and he begat Cainan;
11 And Cainan grew up and he was forty years old, and he became wise and had knowledge
and skill in all wisdom, and he reigned over all the sons of men, and he led the sons of men
to wisdom and knowledge; for Cainan was a very wise man and had understanding in all
wisdom, and with his wisdom he ruled over spirits and demons;
12 And Cainan knew by his wisdom that God would destroy the sons of men for having
sinned upon earth, and that the Lord would in the latter days bring upon them the waters of
the flood.
13 And in those days Cainan wrote upon tablets of stone, what was to take place in time to
come, and he put them in his treasures.
14 And Cainan reigned over the whole earth, and he turned some of the sons of men to the
service of God.
15 And when Cainan was seventy years old, he begat three sons and two daughters.
16 And these are the names of the children of Cainan; the name of the first born Mahlallel,
the second Enan, and the third Mered, and their sisters were Adah and Zillah; these are the
five children of Cainan that were born to him.
17 And Lamech, the son of Methusael, became related to Cainan by marriage, and he took
his two daughters for his wives, and Adah conceived and bare a son to Lamech, and she
called his name Jabal.
18 And she again conceived and bare a son, and called his name Jubal; and Zillah, her
sister, was barren in those days and had no offspring.
19 For in those days the sons of men began to trespass against God, and to transgress the
commandments which he had commanded to Adam, to be fruitful and multiply in the earth.
20 And some of the sons of men caused their wives to drink a draught that would render them
barren, in order that they might retain their figures and whereby their beautiful appearance
might not fade.
21 And when the sons of men caused some of their wives to drink, Zillah drank with them.
22 And the child-bearing women appeared abominable in the sight of their husbands as widows, whilst their husbands lived, for to the barren ones only they were
attached.
23 And in the end of days and years, when Zillah became old, the Lord opened her womb.
24 And she conceived and bare a son and she called his name Tubal Cain, saying, After I
had withered away have I obtained him from the Almighty God.
25 And she conceived again and bare a daughter, and she called her name Naamah, for she
said, After I had withered away have I obtained pleasure and delight.
26 And Lamech was old and advanced in years, and his eyes were dim that he could not see,
and Tubal Cain, his son, was leading him and it was one day that Lamech went into the field
and Tubal Cain his son was with him, and whilst they were walking in the field, Cain the son
of Adam advanced towards them; for Lamech was very old and could not see much, and
Tubal Cain his son was very young.
27 And Tubal Cain told his father to draw his bow, and with the arrows he smote Cain, who
was yet far off, and he slew him, for he appeared to them to be an animal.
28 And the arrows entered Cain's body although he was distant from them, and he fell to the
ground and died.
29 And the Lord requited Cain's evil according to his wickedness, which he had done to his
brother Abel, according to the word of the Lord which he had spoken.
30 And it came to pass when Cain had died, that Lamech and Tubal went to see the animal
which they had slain, and they saw, and behold Cain their grandfather was fallen dead upon
the earth.
31 And Lamech was very much grieved at having done this, and in clapping his hands
together he struck his son and caused his death.
32. And the wives of Lamech heard what Lamech had done, and they sought to kill him.
33 And the wives of Lamech hated him from that day, because he slew Cain and Tubal Cain,
and the wives of Lamech separated from him, and would not hearken to him in those days.
34 And Lamech came to his wives, and he pressed them to listen to him about this matter.
35 And he said to his wives Adah and Zillah, Hear my voice O wives of Lamech, attend to my
words, for now you have imagined and said that I slew a man with my wounds, and a child
with my stripes for their having done no violence, but surely know that I am old and
grey-headed, and that my eyes are heavy through age, and I did this thing unknowingly.
36 And the wives of Lamech listened to him in this matter, and they returned to him with the
advice of their father Adam, but they bore no children to him from that time, knowing that
God's anger was increasing in those days against the sons of men, to destroy them with the
waters of the flood for their evil doings.
37 And Mahlallel the son of Cainan lived sixty-five years and he begat Jared; and Jared lived
sixty-two years and he begat Enoch.
1 And Enoch lived sixty-five years and he begat Methuselah; and Enoch walked with God
after having begot Methuselah, and he served the Lord, and despised the evil ways of men.
2 And the soul of Enoch was wrapped up in the instruction of the Lord, in knowledge and in
understanding; and he wisely retired from the sons of men, and secreted himself from them
for many days.
3 And it was at the expiration of many years, whilst he was serving the Lord, and praying
before him in his house, that an angel of the Lord called to him from Heaven, and he said,
Here am I.
4 And he said, Rise, go forth from thy house and from the place where thou dost hide thyself,
and appear to the sons of men, in order that thou mayest teach them the way in which they
should go and the work which they must accomplish to enter in the ways of God.
5 And Enoch rose up according to the word of the Lord, and went forth from his house, from
his place and from the chamber in which he was concealed; and he went to the sons of men
and taught them the ways of the Lord, and at that time assembled the sons of men and
acquainted them with the instruction of the Lord.
6 And he ordered it to be proclaimed in all places where the sons of men dwelt, saying,
Where is the man who wishes to know the ways of the Lord and good works? let him come to
Enoch.
7 And all the sons of men then assembled to him, for all who desired this thing went to Enoch,
and Enoch reigned over the sons of men according to the word of the Lord, and they came
and bowed to him and they heard his word.
8 And the spirit of God was upon Enoch, and he taught all his men the wisdom of God and his
ways, and the sons of men served the Lord all the days of Enoch, and they came to hear his
wisdom.
9 And all the kings of the sons of men, both first and last, together with their princes and
judges, came to Enoch when they heard of his wisdom, and they bowed down to him, and
they also required of Enoch to reign over them, to which he consented.
10 And they assembled in all, one hundred and thirty kings and princes, and they made
Enoch king over them and they were all under his power and command.
11 And Enoch taught them wisdom, knowledge, and the ways of the Lord; and he made
peace amongst them, and peace was throughout the earth during the life of Enoch.
12 And Enoch reigned over the sons of men two hundred and forty-three years, and he did
justice and righteousness with all his people, and he led them in the ways of the Lord.
13 And these are the generations of Enoch, Methuselah, Elisha, and Elimelech, three sons;
and their sisters were Melca and Nahmah, and Methuselah lived eighty-seven years and he
begat Lamech.
14 And it was in the fifty-sixth year of the life of Lamech when Adam died; nine hundred and
thirty years old was he at his death, and his two sons, with Enoch and Methuselah his son,
buried him with great pomp, as at the burial of kings, in the cave which God had told him.
15 And in that place all the sons of men made a great mourning and weeping on account of
Adam; it has therefore become a custom among the sons of men to this day.
16 And Adam died because he ate of the tree of knowledge; he and his children after him, as
the Lord God had spoken.
17 And it was in the year of Adam's death which was the two hundred and forty-third year of
the reign of Enoch, in that time Enoch resolved to separate himself from the sons of men and
to secret himself as at first in order to serve the Lord.
18 And Enoch did so, but did not entirely secret himself from them, but kept away from the
sons of men three days and then went to them for one day.
19 And during the three days that he was in his chamber, he prayed to, and praised the Lord
his God, and the day on which he went and appeared to his subjects he taught them the ways
of the Lord, and all they asked him about the Lord he told them.
20 And he did in this manner for many years, and he afterward concealed himself for six
days, and appeared to his people one day in seven; and after that once in a month, and then
once in a year, until all the kings, princes and sons of men sought for him, and desired again
to see the face of Enoch, and to hear his word; but they could not, as all the sons of men
were greatly afraid of Enoch, and they feared to approach him on account of the Godlike awe
that was seated upon his countenance; therefore no man could look at him, fearing he might
be punished and die.
21 And all the kings and princes resolved to assemble the sons of men, and to come to
Enoch, thinking that they might all speak to him at the time when he should come forth
amongst them, and they did so.
22 And the day came when Enoch went forth and they all assembled and came to him, and
Enoch spoke to them the words of the Lord and he taught them wisdom and knowledge, and
they bowed down before him and they said, May the king live! May the king live!
23 And in some time after, when the kings and princes and the sons of men were speaking to
Enoch, and Enoch was teaching them the ways of God, behold an angel of the Lord then
called unto Enoch from heaven, and wished to bring him up to heaven to make him reign
there over the sons of God, as he had reigned over the sons of men upon earth.
24 When at that time Enoch heard this he went and assembled all the inhabitants of the
earth, and taught them wisdom and knowledge and gave them divine instructions, and he
said to them, I have been required to ascend into heaven, I therefore do not know the day of
my going.
25 And now therefore I will teach you wisdom and knowledge and will give you instruction
before I leave you, how to act upon earth whereby you may live; and he did so.
26 And he taught them wisdom and knowledge, and gave them instruction, and he reproved
them, and he placed before them statutes and judgments to do upon earth, and he made
peace amongst them, and he taught them everlasting life, and dwelt with them some time
teaching them all these things.
27 And at that time the sons of men were with Enoch, and Enoch was speaking to them, and
they lifted up their eyes and the likeness of a great horse descended from heaven, and the
horse paced in the air;
28 And they told Enoch what they had seen, and Enoch said to them, On my account does
this horse descend upon earth; the time is come when I must go from you and I shall no more
be seen by you.
29 And the horse descended at that time and stood before Enoch, and all the sons of men
that were with Enoch saw him.
30 And Enoch then again ordered a voice to be proclaimed, saying, Where is the man who
delighteth to know the ways of the Lord his God, let him come this day to Enoch before he is
taken from us.
31 And all the sons of men assembled and came to Enoch that day; and all the kings of the
earth with their princes and counsellors remained with him that day; and Enoch then taught
the sons of men wisdom and knowledge, and gave them divine instruction; and he bade them
serve the Lord and walk in his ways all the days of their lives, and he continued to make
peace amongst them.
32 And it was after this that he rose up and rode upon the horse; and he went forth and all the
sons of men went after him, about eight hundred thousand men; and they went with him one
day's journey.
33 And the second day he said to them, Return home to your tents, why will you go? perhaps
you may die; and some of them went from him, and those that remained went with him six
day's journey; and Enoch said to them every day, Return to your tents, lest you may die; but
they were not willing to return, and they went with him.
34 And on the sixth day some of the men remained and clung to him, and they said to him,
We will go with thee to the place where thou goest; as the Lord liveth, death only shall
separate us.
35 And they urged so much to go with him, that he ceased speaking to them; and they went
after him and would not return;
36 And when the kings returned they caused a census to be taken, in order to know the
number of remaining men that went with Enoch; and it was upon the seventh day that Enoch
ascended into heaven in a whirlwind, with horses and chariots of fire.
37 And on the eighth day all the kings that had been with Enoch sent to bring back the
number of men that were with Enoch, in that place from which he ascended into heaven.
38 And all those kings went to the place and they found the earth there filled with snow, and
upon the snow were large stones of snow, and one said to the other, Come, let us break
through the snow and see, perhaps the men that remained with Enoch are dead, and are now
under the stones of snow, and they searched but could not find him, for he had ascended into
heaven.
1 And all the days that Enoch lived upon earth, were three hundred and sixty-five years.
2 And when Enoch had ascended into heaven, all the kings of the earth rose and took
Methuselah his son and anointed him, and they caused him to reign over them in the place of
his father.
3 And Methuselah acted uprightly in the sight of God, as his father Enoch had taught him,
and he likewise during the whole of his life taught the sons of men wisdom, knowledge and
the fear of God, and he did not turn from the good way either to the right or to the left.
4 But in the latter days of Methuselah, the sons of men turned from the Lord, they corrupted
the earth, they robbed and plundered each other, and they rebelled against God and they
transgressed, and they corrupted their ways, and would not hearken to the voice of
Methuselah, but rebelled against him.
5 And the Lord was exceedingly wroth against them, and the Lord continued to destroy the
seed in those days, so that there was neither sowing nor reaping in the earth.
6 For when they sowed the ground in order that they might obtain food for their support,
behold, thorns and thistles were produced which they did not sow.
7 And still the sons of men did not turn from their evil ways, and their hands were still
extended to do evil in the sight of God, and they provoked the Lord with their evil ways, and
the Lord was very wroth, and repented that he had made man.
8 And he thought to destroy and annihilate them and he did so.
9 In those days when Lamech the son of Methuselah was one hundred and sixty years old,
Seth the son of Adam died.
10 And all the days that Seth lived, were nine hundred and twelve years, and he died.
11 And Lamech was one hundred and eighty years old when he took Ashmua, the daughter
of Elishaa the son of Enoch his uncle, and she conceived.
12 And at that time the sons of men sowed the ground, and a little food was produced, yet the
sons of men did not turn from their evil ways, and they trespassed and rebelled against God.
13 And the wife of Lamech conceived and bare him a son at that time, at the revolution of the
year.
14 And Methuselah called his name Noah, saying, The earth was in his days at rest and free
from corruption, and Lamech his father called his name Menachem, saying, This one shall
comfort us in our works and miserable toil in the earth, which God had cursed.
15 And the child grew up and was weaned, and he went in the ways of his father Methuselah,
perfect and upright with God.
16 And all the sons of men departed from the ways of the Lord in those days as they
multiplied upon the face of the earth with sons and daughters, and they taught one another
their evil practices and they continued sinning against the Lord.
17 And every man made unto himself a god, and they robbed and plundered every man his
neighbor as well as his relative, and they corrupted the earth, and the earth was filled with
violence.
18 And their judges and rulers went to the daughters of men and took their wives by force
from their husbands according to their choice, and the sons of men in those days took from
the cattle of the earth, the beasts of the field and the fowls of the air, and taught the mixture of
animals of one species with the other, in order therewith to provoke the Lord; and God saw
the whole earth and it was corrupt, for all flesh had corrupted its ways upon earth, all men and
all animals.
19 And the Lord said, I will blot out man that I created from the face of the earth, yea from
man to the birds of the air, together with cattle and beasts that are in the field for I repent that
I made them.
20 And all men who walked in the ways of the Lord, died in those days, before the Lord
brought the evil upon man which he had declared, for this was from the Lord, that they should
not see the evil which the Lord spoke of concerning the sons of men.
21 And Noah found grace in the sight of the Lord, and the Lord chose him and his children to
raise up seed from them upon the face of the whole earth.
1 And it was in the eighty-fourth year of the life of Noah, that Enoch the son of Seth died, he
was nine hundred and five years old at his death.
2 And in the one hundred and seventy ninth year of the life of Noah, Cainan the son of Enosh
died, and all the days of Cainan were nine hundred and ten years, and he died.
3 And in the two hundred and thirty fourth year of the life of Noah, Mahlallel the son of Cainan
died, and the days of Mahlallel were eight hundred and ninety-five years, and he died.
4 And Jared the son of Mahlallel died in those days, in the three hundred and thirty-sixth year
of the life of Noah; and all the days of Jared were nine hundred and sixty-two years, and he
died.
5 And all who followed the Lord died in those days, before they saw the evil which God
declared to do upon earth.
6 And after the lapse of many years, in the four hundred and eightieth year of the life of Noah,
when all those men, who followed the Lord had died away from amongst the sons of men,
and only Methuselah was then left, God said unto Noah and Methuselah, saying,
7 Speak ye, and proclaim to the sons of men, saying, Thus saith the Lord, return from your
evil ways and forsake your works, and the Lord will repent of the evil that he declared to do to
you, so that it shall not come to pass.
8 For thus saith the Lord, Behold I give you a period of one hundred and twenty years; if you
will turn to me and forsake your evil ways, then will I also turn away from the evil which I told
you, and it shall not exist, saith the Lord.
9 And Noah and Methuselah spoke all the words of the Lord to the sons of men, day after
day, constantly speaking to them.
10 But the sons of men would not hearken to them, nor incline their ears to their words, and
they were stiffnecked.
11 And the Lord granted them a period of one hundred and twenty years, saying, If they will
return, then will God repent of the evil, so as not to destroy the earth.
12 Noah the son of Lamech refrained from taking a wife in those days, to beget children, for
he said, Surely now God will destroy the earth, wherefore then shall I beget children?
13 And Noah was a just man, he was perfect in his generation, and the Lord chose him to
raise up seed from his seed upon the face of the earth.
14 And the Lord said unto Noah, Take unto thee a wife, and beget children, for I have seen
thee righteous before me in this generation.
15 And thou shalt raise up seed, and thy children with thee, in the midst of the earth; and
Noah went and took a wife, and he chose Naamah the daughter of Enoch, and she was five
hundred and eighty years old.
16 And Noah was four hundred and ninety-eight years old, when he took Naamah for a wife.
17 And Naamah conceived and bare a son, and he called his name Japheth, saying, God has
enlarged me in the earth; and she conceived again and bare a son, and he called his name
Shem, saying, God has made me a remnant, to raise up seed in the midst of the earth.
18 And Noah was five hundred and two years old when Naamah bare Shem, and the boys
grew up and went in the ways of the Lord, in all that Methuselah and Noah their father taught them.
19 And Lamech the father of Noah, died in those days; yet verily he did not go with all his
heart in the ways of his father, and he died in the hundred and ninety-fifth year of the life of
Noah.
20 And all the days of Lamech were seven hundred and seventy years, and he died.
21 And all the sons of men who knew the Lord, died in that year before the Lord brought evil
upon them; for the Lord willed them to die, so as not to behold the evil that God would bring
upon their brothers and relatives, as he had so declared to do.
22 In that time, the Lord said to Noah and Methuselah, Stand forth and proclaim to the sons
of men all the words that I spoke to you in those days, peradventure they may turn from their
evil ways, and I will then repent of the evil and will not bring it.
23 And Noah and Methuselah stood forth, and said in the ears of the sons of men, all that
God had spoken concerning them.
24 But the sons of men would not hearken, neither would they incline their ears to all their
declarations.
25 And it was after this that the Lord said to Noah, The end of all flesh is come before me, on
account of their evil deeds, and behold I will destroy the earth.
26 And do thou take unto thee gopher wood, and go to a certain place and make a large ark,
and place it in that spot.
27 And thus shalt thou make it; three hundred cubits its length, fifty cubits broad and thirty
cubits high.
28 And thou shalt make unto thee a door, open at its side, and to a cubit thou shalt finish
above, and cover it within and without with pitch.
29 And behold I will bring the flood of waters upon the earth, and all flesh be destroyed, from
under the heavens all that is upon earth shall perish.
30 And thou and thy household shall go and gather two couple of all living things, male and
female, and shall bring them to the ark, to raise up seed from them upon earth.
31 And gather unto thee all food that is eaten by all the animals, that there may be food for
thee and for them.
32 And thou shalt choose for thy sons three maidens, from the daughters of men, and they
shall be wives to thy sons.
33 And Noah rose up, and he made the ark, in the place where God had commanded him,
and Noah did as God had ordered him.
34 In his five hundred and ninety-fifth year Noah commenced to make the ark, and he made
the ark in five years, as the Lord had commanded.
35 Then Noah took the three daughters of Eliakim, son of Methuselah, for wives for his sons,
as the Lord had commanded Noah.
36 And it was at that time Methuselah the son of Enoch died, nine hundred and sixty years
old was he, at his death.
1 At that time, after the death of Methuselah, the Lord said to Noah, Go thou with thy
household into the ark; behold I will gather to thee all the animals of the earth, the beasts of
the field and the fowls of the air, and they shall all come and surround the ark.
2 And thou shalt go and seat thyself by the doors of the ark, and all the beasts, the animals,
and the fowls, shall assemble and place themselves before thee, and such of them as shall come and crouch before thee, shalt thou take and deliver into the hands of thy sons, who
shall bring them to the ark, and all that will stand before thee thou shalt leave.
3 And the Lord brought this about on the next day, and animals, beasts and fowls came in
great multitudes and surrounded the ark.
4 And Noah went and seated himself by the door of the ark, and of all flesh that crouched
before him, he brought into the ark, and all that stood before him he left upon earth.
5 And a lioness came, with her two whelps, male and female, and the three crouched before
Noah, and the two whelps rose up against the lioness and smote her, and made her flee from
her place, and she went away, and they returned to their places, and crouched upon the earth
before Noah.
6 And the lioness ran away, and stood in the place of the lions.
7 And Noah saw this, and wondered greatly, and he rose and took the two whelps, and
brought them into the ark.
8 And Noah brought into the ark from all living creatures that were upon earth, so that there
was none left but which Noah brought into the ark.
9 Two and two came to Noah into the ark, but from the clean animals, and clean fowls, he
brought seven couples, as God had commanded him.
10 And all the animals, and beasts, and fowls, were still there, and they surrounded the ark at
every place, and the rain had not descended till seven days after.
11 And on that day, the Lord caused the whole earth to shake, and the sun darkened, and the
foundations of the world raged, and the whole earth was moved violently, and the lightning
flashed, and the thunder roared, and all the fountains in the earth were broken up, such as
was not known to the inhabitants before; and God did this mighty act, in order to terrify the
sons of men, that there might be no more evil upon earth.
12 And still the sons of men would not return from their evil ways, and they increased the
anger of the Lord at that time, and did not even direct their hearts to all this.
13 And at the end of seven days, in the six hundredth year of the life of Noah, the waters of
the flood were upon the earth.
14 And all the fountains of the deep were broken up, and the windows of heaven were
opened, and the rain was upon the earth forty days and forty nights.
15 And Noah and his household, and all the living creatures that were with him, came into the
ark on account of the waters of the flood, and the Lord shut him in.
16 And all the sons of men that were left upon the earth, became exhausted through evil on
account of the rain, for the waters were coming more violently upon the earth, and the
animals and beasts were still surrounding the ark.
17 And the sons of men assembled together, about seven hundred thousand men and
women, and they came unto Noah to the ark.
18 And they called to Noah, saying, Open for us that we may come to thee in the ark--and
wherefore shall we die?
19 And Noah, with a loud voice, answered them from the ark, saying, Have you not all
rebelled against the Lord, and said that he does not exist? and therefore the Lord brought
upon you this evil, to destroy and cut you off from the face of the earth.
20 Is not this the thing that I spoke to you of one hundred and twenty years back, and you
would not hearken to the voice of the Lord, and now do you desire to live upon earth?
21 And they said to Noah, We are ready to return to the Lord; only open for us that we may
live and not die.
22 And Noah answered them, saying, Behold now that you see the trouble of your souls, you
wish to return to the Lord; why did you not return during these hundred and twenty years,
which the Lord granted you as the determined period?
23 But now you come and tell me this on account of the troubles of your souls, now also the
Lord will not listen to you, neither will he give ear to you on this day, so that you will not now
succeed in your wishes.
24 And the sons of men approached in order to break into the ark, to come in on account of
the rain, for they could not bear the rain upon them.
25 And the Lord sent all the beasts and animals that stood round the ark. And the beasts
overpowered them and drove them from that place, and every man went his way and they
again scattered themselves upon the face of the earth.
26 And the rain was still descending upon the earth, and it descended forty days and forty
nights, and the waters prevailed greatly upon the earth; and all flesh that was upon the earth
or in the waters died, whether men, animals, beasts, creeping things or birds of the air, and
there only remained Noah and those that were with him in the ark.
27 And the waters prevailed and they greatly increased upon the earth, and they lifted up the
ark and it was raised from the earth.
28 And the ark floated upon the face of the waters, and it was tossed upon the waters so that
all the living creatures within were turned about like pottage in a cauldron.
29 And great anxiety seized all the living creatures that were in the ark, and the ark was like
to be broken.
30 And all the living creatures that were in the ark were terrified, and the lions roared, and the
oxen lowed, and the wolves howled, and every living creature in the ark spoke and lamented
in its own language, so that their voices reached to a great distance, and Noah and his sons
cried and wept in their troubles; they were greatly afraid that they had reached the gates of
death.
31 And Noah prayed unto the Lord, and cried unto him on account of this, and he said, O
Lord help us, for we have no strength to bear this evil that has encompassed us, for the
waves of the waters have surrounded us, mischievous torrents have terrified us, the snares of
death have come before us; answer us, O Lord, answer us, light up thy countenance toward
us and be gracious to us, redeem us and deliver us.
32 And the Lord hearkened to the voice of Noah, and the Lord remembered him.
33 And a wind passed over the earth, and the waters were still and the ark rested.
34 And the fountains of the deep and the windows of heaven were stopped, and the rain from
heaven was restrained.
35 And the waters decreased in those days, and the ark rested upon the mountains of Ararat.
36 And Noah then opened the windows of the ark, and Noah still called out to the Lord at that
time and he said, O Lord, who didst form the earth and the heavens and all that are therein,
bring forth our souls from this confinement, and from the prison wherein thou hast placed us, for I am much wearied with
sighing.
37 And the Lord hearkened to the voice of Noah, and said to him, When though shalt have
completed a full year thou shalt then go forth.
38 And at the revolution of the year, when a full year was completed to Noah's dwelling in the
ark, the waters were dried from off the earth, and Noah put off the covering of the ark.
39 At that time, on the twenty-seventh day of the second month, the earth was dry, but Noah
and his sons, and those that were with him, did not go out from the ark until the Lord told
them.
40 And the day came that the Lord told them to go out, and they all went out from the ark.
41 And they went and returned every one to his way and to his place, and Noah and his sons
dwelt in the land that God had told them, and they served the Lord all their days, and the Lord
blessed Noah and his sons on their going out from the ark.
42 And he said to them, Be fruitful and fill all the earth; become strong and increase
abundantly in the earth and multiply therein.
1 And these are the names of the sons of Noah: Japheth, Ham and Shem; and children were
born to them after the flood, for they had taken wives before the flood.
2 These are the sons of Japheth; Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras,
seven sons.
3 And the sons of Gomer were Askinaz, Rephath and Tegarmah.
4 And the sons of Magog were Elichanaf and Lubal.
5 And the children of Madai were Achon, Zeelo, Chazoni and Lot.
6 And the sons of Javan were Elisha, Tarshish, Chittim and Dudonim.
7 And the sons of Tubal were Ariphi, Kesed and Taari.
8 And the sons of Meshech were Dedon, Zaron and Shebashni.
9 And the sons of Tiras were Benib, Gera, Lupirion and Gilak; these are the sons of Japheth
according to their families, and their numbers in those days were about four hundred and
sixty men.
10 And these are the sons of Ham; Cush, Mitzraim, Phut and Canaan, four sons; and the
sons of Cush were Seba, Havilah, Sabta, Raama and Satecha, and the sons of Raama were
Sheba and Dedan.
11 And the sons of Mitzraim were Lud, Anom and Pathros, Chasloth and Chaphtor.
12 And the sons of Phut were Gebul, Hadan, Benah and Adan.
13 And the sons of Canaan were Zidon, Heth, Amori, Gergashi, Hivi, Arkee, Seni, Arodi,
Zimodi and Chamothi.
14 These are the sons of Ham, according to their families, and their numbers in those days
were about seven hundred and thirty men.
15 And these are the sons of Shem; Elam, Ashur, Arpachshad, Lud and Aram, five sons; and
the sons of Elam were Shushan, Machul and Harmon.
16 And the sons of Ashar were Mirus and Mokil, and the sons of Arpachshad were Shelach,
Anar and Ashcol.
17 And the sons of Lud were Pethor and Bizayon, and the sons of Aram were Uz, Chul,
Gather and Mash.
18 These are the sons of Shem, according to their families; and their numbers in those days
were about three hundred men.
19 These are the generations of Shem; Shem begat Arpachshad and Arpachshad begat
Shelach, and Shelach begat Eber and to Eber were born two children, the name of one was
Peleg, for in his days the sons of men were divided, and in the latter days, the earth was
divided.
20 And the name of the second was Yoktan, meaning that in his day the lives of the sons of
men were diminished and lessened.
21 These are the sons of Yoktan; Almodad, Shelaf, Chazarmoveth, Yerach, Hadurom, Ozel,
Diklah, Obal, Abimael, Sheba, Ophir, Havilah and Jobab; all these are the sons of Yoktan.
22 And Peleg his brother begat Yen, and Yen begat Serug, and Serug begat Nahor and
Nahor begat Terah, and Terah was thirty-eight years old, and he begat Haran and Nahor.
23 And Cush the son of Ham, the son of Noah, took a wife in those days in his old age, and
she bare a son, and they called his name Nimrod, saying, At that time the sons of men again
began to rebel and transgress against God, and the child grew up, and his father loved him
exceedingly, for he was the son of his old age.
24 And the garments of skin which God made for Adam and his wife, when they went out of
the garden, were given to Cush.
25 For after the death of Adam and his wife, the garments were given to Enoch, the son of
Jared, and when Enoch was taken up to God, he gave them to Methuselah, his son.
26 And at the death of Methuselah, Noah took them and brought them to the ark, and they
were with him until he went out of the ark.
27 And in their going out, Ham stole those garments from Noah his father, and he took them
and hid them from his brothers.
28 And when Ham begat his first born Cush, he gave him the garments in secret, and they
were with Cush many days.
29 And Cush also concealed them from his sons and brothers, and when Cush had begotten
Nimrod, he gave him those garments through his love for him, and Nimrod grew up, and
when he was twenty years old he put on those garments.
30 And Nimrod became strong when he put on the garments, and God gave him might and
strength, and he was a mighty hunter in the earth, yea, he was a mighty hunter in the field,
and he hunted the animals and he built altars, and he offered upon them the animals before
the Lord.
31 And Nimrod strengthened himself, and he rose up from amongst his brethren, and he
fought the battles of his brethren against all their enemies round about.
32 And the Lord delivered all the enemies of his brethren in his hands, and God prospered
him from time to time in his battles, and he reigned upon earth.
33 Therefore it became current in those days, when a man ushered forth those that he had
trained up for battle, he would say to them, Like God did to Nimrod, who was a mighty hunter
in the earth, and who succeeded in the battles that prevailed against his brethren, that he
delivered them from the hands of their enemies, so may God strengthen us and deliver us
this day.
34 And when Nimrod was forty years old, at that time there was a war between his brethren
and the children of Japheth, so that they were in the power of their enemies.
35 And Nimrod went forth at that time, and he assembled all the sons of Cush and their
families, about four hundred and sixty men, and he hired also from some of his friends and
acquaintances about eighty men, and be gave them their hire, and he went with them to
battle, and when he was on the road, Nimrod strengthened the hearts of the people that went
with him.
36 And he said to them, Do not fear, neither be alarmed, for all our enemies will be delivered
into our hands, and you may do with them as you please.
37 And all the men that went were about five hundred, and they fought against their enemies,
and they destroyed them, and subdued them, and Nimrod placed standing officers over them
in their respective places.
38 And he took some of their children as security, and they were all servants to Nimrod and to
his brethren, and Nimrod and all the people that were with him turned homeward.
39 And when Nimrod had joyfully returned from battle, after having conquered his enemies,
all his brethren, together with those who knew him before, assembled to make him king over
them, and they placed the regal crown upon his head.
40 And he set over his subjects and people, princes, judges, and rulers, as is the custom
amongst kings.
41 And he placed Terah the son of Nahor the prince of his host, and he dignified him and
elevated him above all his princes.
42 And whilst he was reigning according to his heart's desire, after having conquered all his
enemies around, he advised with his counselors to build a city for his palace, and they did so.
43 And they found a large valley opposite to the east, and they built him a large and extensive
city, and Nimrod called the name of the city that he built Shinar, for the Lord had vehemently
shaken his enemies and destroyed them.
44 And Nimrod dwelt in Shinar, and he reigned securely, and he fought with his enemies and
he subdued them, and he prospered in all his battles, and his kingdom became very great.
45 And all nations and tongues heard of his fame, and they gathered themselves to him, and
they bowed down to the earth, and they brought him offerings, and he became their lord and
king, and they all dwelt with him in the city at Shinar, and Nimrod reigned in the earth over all
the sons of Noah, and they were all under his power and counsel.
46 And all the earth was of one tongue and words of union, but Nimrod did not go in the ways
of the Lord, and he was more wicked than all the men that were before him, from the days of
the flood until those days.
47 And he made gods of wood and stone, and he bowed down to them, and he rebelled
against the Lord, and taught all his subjects and the people of the earth his wicked ways; and
Mardon his son was more wicked than his father.
48 And every one that heard of the acts of Mardon the son of Nimrod would say, concerning
him, From the wicked goeth forth wickedness; therefore it became a proverb in the whole
earth, saying, From the wicked goeth forth wickedness, and it was current in the words of
men from that time to this.
49 And Terah the son of Nahor, prince of Nimrod's host, was in those days very great in the
sight of the king and his subjects, and the king and princes loved him, and they elevated him
very high.
50 And Terah took a wife and her name was Amthelo the daughter of Cornebo; and the wife
of Terah conceived and bare him a son in those days.
51 Terah was seventy years old when he begat him, and Terah called the name of his son
that was born to him Abram, because the king had raised him in those days, and dignified
him above all his princes that were with him.
1 And it was in the night that Abram was born, that all the servants of Terah, and all the wise
men of Nimrod, and his conjurors came and ate and drank in the house of Terah, and they
rejoiced with him on that night.
2 And when all the wise men and conjurors went out from the house of Terah, they lifted up
their eyes toward heaven that night to look at the stars, and they saw, and behold one very
large star came from the east and ran in the heavens, and he swallowed up the four stars
from the four sides of the heavens.
3 And all the wise men of the king and his conjurors were astonished at the sight, and the
sages understood this matter, and they knew its import.
4 And they said to each other, This only betokens the child that has been born to Terah this
night, who will grow up and be fruitful, and multiply, and possess all the earth, he and his
children for ever, and he and his seed will slay great kings, and inherit their lands.
5 And the wise men and conjurors went home that night, and in the morning all these wise
men and conjurors rose up early, and assembled in an appointed house.
6 And they spoke and said to each other, Behold the sight that we saw last night is hidden
from the king, it has not been made known to him.
7 And should this thing get known to the king in the latter days, he will say to us, Why have
you concealed this matter from me, and then we shall all suffer death; therefore, now let us
go and tell the king the sight which we saw, and the interpretation thereof, and we shall then
remain clear.
8 And they did so, and they all went to the king and bowed down to him to the ground, and
they said, May the king live, may the king live.
9 We heard that a son was born to Terah the son of Nahor, the prince of thy host, and we
yesternight came to his house, and we ate and drank and rejoiced with him that night.
10 And when thy servants went out from the house of Terah, to go to our respective homes to
abide there for the night, we lifted up our eyes to heaven, and we saw a great star coming
from the east, and the same star ran with great speed, and swallowed up four great stars,
from the four sides of the heavens.
11 And thy servants were astonished at the sight which we saw, and were greatly terrified,
and we made our judgment upon the sight, and knew by our wisdom the proper interpretation
thereof, that this thing applies to the child that is born to Terah, who will grow up and multiply
greatly, and become powerful, and kill all the kings of the earth, and inherit all their lands, he
and his seed forever.
12 And now our lord and king, behold we have truly acquainted thee with what we have seen
concerning this child.
13 If it seemeth good to the king to give his father value for this child, we will slay him before
he shall grow up and increase in the land, and his evil increase against us, that we and our children perish through his evil.
14 And the king heard their words and they seemed good in his sight, and he sent and called
for Terah, and Terah came before the king.
15 And the king said to Terah, I have been told that a son was yesternight born to thee, and
after this manner was observed in the heavens at his birth.
16 And now therefore give me the child, that we may slay him before his evil springs up
against us, and I will give thee for his value, thy house full of silver and gold.
17 And Terah answered the king and said to him: My Lord and king, I have heard thy words,
and thy servant shall do all that his king desireth.
18 But my lord and king, I will tell thee what happened to me yesternight, that I may see what
advice the king will give his servant, and then I will answer the king upon what he has just
spoken; and the king said, Speak.
19 And Terah said to the king, Ayon, son of Mored, came to me yesternight, saying,
20 Give unto me the great and beautiful horse that the king gave thee, and I will give thee
silver and gold, and straw and provender for its value; and I said to him, Wait till I see the king
concerning thy words, and behold whatever the king saith, that will I do.
21 And now my lord and king, behold I have made this thing known to thee, and the advice
which my king will give unto his servant, that will I follow.
22 And the king heard the words of Terah, and his anger was kindled and he considered him
in the light of a fool.
23 And the king answered Terah, and he said to him, Art thou so silly, ignorant, or deficient in
understanding, to do this thing, to give thy beautiful horse for silver and gold or even for straw
and provender?
24 Art thou so short of silver and gold, that thou shouldst do this thing, because thou canst
not obtain straw and provender to feed thy horse? and what is silver and gold to thee, or
straw and provender, that thou shouldst give away that fine horse which I gave thee, like
which there is none to be had on the whole earth?
25 And the king left off speaking, and Terah answered the king, saying, Like unto this has the
king spoken to his servant;
26 I beseech thee, my lord and king, what is this which thou didst say unto me, saying, Give
thy son that we may slay him, and I will give thee silver and gold for his value; what shall I do
with silver and gold after the death of my son? who shall inherit me? surely then at my death,
the silver and gold will return to my king who gave it.
27 And when the king heard the words of Terah, and the parable which he brought
concerning the king, it grieved him greatly and he was vexed at this thing, and his anger
burned within him.
28 And Terah saw that the anger of the king was kindled against him, and he answered the
king, saying, All that I have is in the king's power; whatever the king desireth to do to his
servant, that let him do, yea, even my son, he is in the king's power, without value in
exchange, he and his two brothers that are older than he.
29 And the king said to Terah, No, but I will purchase thy younger son for a price.
30 And Terah answered the king, saying, I beseech thee my lord and king to let thy servant
speak a word before thee, and let the king hear the word of his servant, and Terah said, Let my king give me three days' time till I consider
this matter within myself, and consult with my family concerning the words of my king; and he
pressed the king greatly to agree to this.
31 And the king hearkened to Terah, and he did so and he gave him three days' time, and
Terah went out from the king's presence, and he came home to his family and spoke to them
all the words of the king; and the people were greatly afraid.
32 And it was in the third day that the king sent to Terah, saying, Send me thy son for a price
as I spoke to thee; and shouldst thou not do this, I will send and slay all thou hast in thy
house, so that thou shalt not even have a dog remaining.
33 And Terah hastened, (as the thing was urgent from the king), and he took a child from one
of his servants, which his handmaid had born to him that day, and Terah brought the child to
the king and received value for him.
34 And the Lord was with Terah in this matter, that Nimrod might not cause Abram's death,
and the king took the child from Terah and with all his might dashed his head to the ground,
for he thought it had been Abram; and this was concealed from him from that day, and it was
forgotten by the king, as it was the will of Providence not to suffer Abram's death.
35 And Terah took Abram his son secretly, together with his mother and nurse, and he
concealed them in a cave, and he brought them their provisions monthly.
36 And the Lord was with Abram in the cave and he grew up, and Abram was in the cave ten
years, and the king and his princes, soothsayers and sages, thought that the king had killed
Abram.
1 And Haran, the son of Terah, Abram's oldest brother, took a wife in those days.
2 Haran was thirty-nine years old when he took her; and the wife of Haran conceived and
bare a son, and he called his name Lot.
3 And she conceived again and bare a daughter, and she called her name Milca; and she
again conceived and bare a daughter, and she called her name Sarai.
4 Haran was forty-two years old when he begat Sarai, which was in the tenth year of the life of
Abram; and in those days Abram and his mother and nurse went out from the cave, as the
king and his subjects had forgotten the affair of Abram.
5 And when Abram came out from the cave, he went to Noah and his son Shem, and he
remained with them to learn the instruction of the Lord and his ways, and no man knew where
Abram was, and Abram served Noah and Shem his son for a long time.
6 And Abram was in Noah's house thirty-nine years, and Abram knew the Lord from three
years old, and he went in the ways of the Lord until the day of his death, as Noah and his son
Shem had taught him; and all the sons of the earth in those days greatly transgressed against
the Lord, and they rebelled against him and they served other gods, and they forgot the Lord
who had created them in the earth; and the inhabitants of the earth made unto themselves, at
that time, every man his god; gods of wood and stone which could neither speak, hear, nor
deliver, and the sons of men served them and they became their gods.
7 And the king and all his servants, and Terah with all his household were then the first of
those that served gods of wood and stone.
8 And Terah had twelve gods of large size, made of wood and stone, after the twelve months
of the year, and he served each one monthly, and every month Terah would bring his meat
offering and drink offering to his gods; thus did Terah all the days.
9 And all that generation were wicked in the sight of the Lord, and they thus made every man
his god, but they forsook the Lord who had created them.
10 And there was not a man found in those days in the whole earth, who knew the Lord (for
they served each man his own God) except Noah and his household, and all those who were
under his counsel knew the Lord in those days.
11 And Abram the son of Terah was waxing great in those days in the house of Noah, and no
man knew it, and the Lord was with him.
12 And the Lord gave Abram an understanding heart, and he knew all the works of that
generation were vain, and that all their gods were vain and were of no avail.
13 And Abram saw the sun shining upon the earth, and Abram said unto himself Surely now
this sun that shines upon the earth is God, and him will I serve.
14 And Abram served the sun in that day and he prayed to him, and when evening came the
sun set as usual, and Abram said within himself, Surely this cannot be God?
15 And Abram still continued to speak within himself, Who is he who made the heavens and
the earth? who created upon earth? where is he?
16 And night darkened over him, and he lifted up his eyes toward the west, north, south, and
east, and he saw that the sun had vanished from the earth, and the day became dark.
17 And Abram saw the stars and moon before him, and he said, Surely this is the God who
created the whole earth as well as man, and behold these his servants are gods around him:
and Abram served the moon and prayed to it all that night.
18 And in the morning when it was light and the sun shone upon the earth as usual, Abram
saw all the things that the Lord God had made upon earth.
19 And Abram said unto himself Surely these are not gods that made the earth and all
mankind, but these are the servants of God, and Abram remained in the house of Noah and
there knew the Lord and his ways' and he served the Lord all the days of his life, and all that
generation forgot the Lord, and served other gods of wood and stone, and rebelled all their
days.
20 And king Nimrod reigned securely, and all the earth was under his control, and all the
earth was of one tongue and words of union.
21 And all the princes of Nimrod and his great men took counsel together; Phut, Mitzraim,
Cush and Canaan with their families, and they said to each other, Come let us build
ourselves a city and in it a strong tower, and its top reaching heaven, and we will make
ourselves famed, so that we may reign upon the whole world, in order that the evil of our
enemies may cease from us, that we may reign mightily over them, and that we may not
become scattered over the earth on account of their wars.
22 And they all went before the king, and they told the king these words, and the king agreed
with them in this affair, and he did so.
23 And all the families assembled consisting of about six hundred thousand men, and they
went to seek an extensive piece of ground to build the city and the tower, and they sought in
the whole earth and they found none like one valley at the east of the land of Shinar, about
two days' walk, and they journeyed there and they dwelt there.
24 And they began to make bricks and burn fires to build the city and the tower that they had
imagined to complete.
25 And the building of the tower was unto them a transgression and a sin, and they began to
build it, and whilst they were building against the Lord God of heaven, they imagined in their
hearts to war against him and to ascend into heaven.
26 And all these people and all the families divided themselves in three parts; the first said
We will ascend into heaven and fight against him; the second said, We will ascend to heaven
and place our own gods there and serve them; and the third part said, We will ascend to
heaven and smite him with bows and spears; and God knew all their works and all their evil
thoughts, and he saw the city and the tower which they were building.
27 And when they were building they built themselves a great city and a very high and strong
tower; and on account of its height the mortar and bricks did not reach the builders in their
ascent to it, until those who went up had completed a full year, and after that, they reached to
the builders and gave them the mortar and the bricks; thus was it done daily.
28 And behold these ascended and others descended the whole day; and if a brick should fall
from their hands and get broken, they would all weep over it, and if a man fell and died, none
of them would look at him.
29 And the Lord knew their thoughts, and it came to pass when they were building they cast
the arrows toward the heavens, and all the arrows fell upon them filled with blood, and when
they saw them they said to each other, Surely we have slain all those that are in heaven.
30 For this was from the Lord in order to cause them to err, and in order; to destroy them from
off the face of the ground.
31 And they built the tower and the city, and they did this thing daily until many days and
years were elapsed.
32 And God said to the seventy angels who stood foremost before him, to those who were
near to him, saying, Come let us descend and confuse their tongues, that one man shall not
understand the language of his neighbor, and they did so unto them.
33 And from that day following, they forgot each man his neighbor's tongue, and they could
not understand to speak in one tongue, and when the builder took from the hands of his
neighbor lime or stone which he did not order, the builder would cast it away and throw it
upon his neighbor, that he would die.
34 And they did so many days, and they killed many of them in this manner.
35 And the Lord smote the three divisions that were there, and he punished them according
to their works and designs; those who said, We will ascend to heaven and serve our gods, became like apes and elephants; and those who said, We will smite the
heaven with arrows, the Lord killed them, one man through the hand of his neighbor; and the
third division of those who said, We will ascend to heaven and fight against him, the Lord
scattered them throughout the earth.
36 And those who were left amongst them, when they knew and understood the evil which
was coming upon them, they forsook the building, and they also became scattered upon the
face of the whole earth.
37 And they ceased building the city and the tower; therefore he called that place Babel, for
there the Lord confounded the Language of the whole earth; behold it was at the east of the
land of Shinar.
38 And as to the tower which the sons of men built, the earth opened its mouth and
swallowed up one third part thereof, and a fire also descended from heaven and burned
another third, and the other third is left to this day, and it is of that part which was aloft, and its
circumference is three days' walk.
39 And many of the sons of men died in that tower, a people without number.
1 And Peleg the son of Eber died in those days, in the forty-eighth year of the life of Abram
son of Terah, and all the days of Peleg were two hundred and thirty-nine years.
2 And when the Lord had scattered the sons of men on account of their sin at the tower,
behold they spread forth into many divisions, and all the sons of men were dispersed into the
four corners of the earth.
3 And all the families became each according to its language, its land, or its city.
4 And the sons of men built many cities according to their families, in all the places where
they went, and throughout the earth where the Lord had scattered them.
5 And some of them built cities in places from which they were afterward extirpated, and they
called these cities after their own names, or the names of their children, or after their
particular occurrences.
6 And the sons of Japheth the son of Noah went and built themselves cities in the places
where they were scattered, and they called all their cities after their names, and the sons of
Japheth were divided upon the face of the earth into many divisions and languages.
7 And these are the sons of Japheth according to their families, Gomer, Magog, Medai,
Javan, Tubal, Meshech and Tiras; these are the children of Japheth according to their
generations.
8 And the children of Gomer, according to their cities, were the Francum, who dwell in the
land of Franza, by the river Franza, by the river Senah.
9 And the children of Rephath are the Bartonim, who dwell in the land of Bartonia by the river
Ledah, which empties its waters in the great sea Gihon, that is, oceanus.
10 And the children of Tugarma are ten families, and these are their names: Buzar,
Parzunac, Balgar, Elicanum, Ragbib, Tarki, Bid, Zebuc, Ongal and Tilmaz; all these spread
and rested in the north and built themselves cities.
11 And they called their cities after their own names, those are they who abide by the rivers
Hithlah and Italac unto this day.
12 But the families of Angoli, Balgar and Parzunac, they dwell by the great river Dubnee; and
the names of their cities are also according to their own names.
13 And the children of Javan are the Javanim who dwell in the land of Makdonia, and the
children of Medaiare are the Orelum that dwell in the land of Curson, and the children of Tubal are those that
dwell in the land of Tuskanah by the river Pashiah.
14 And the children of Meshech are the Shibashni and the children of Tiras are Rushash,
Cushni, and Ongolis; all these went and built themselves cities; those are the cities that are
situate by the sea Jabus by the river Cura, which empties itself in the river Tragan.
15 And the children of Elishah are the Almanim, and they also went and built themselves
cities; those are the cities situate between the mountains of Job and Shibathmo; and of them
were the people of Lumbardi who dwell opposite the mountains of Job and Shibathmo, and
they conquered the land of Italia and remained there unto this day.
16 And the children of Chittim are the Romim who dwell in the valley of Canopia by the river
Tibreu.
17 And the children of Dudonim are those who dwell in the cities of the sea Gihon, in the land
of Bordna.
18 These are the families of the children of Japheth according to their cities and languages,
when they were scattered after the tower, and they called their cities after their names and
occurrences; and these are the names of all their cities according to their families, which they
built in those days after the tower.
19 And the children of Ham were Cush, Mitzraim, Phut and Canaan according to their
generation and cities.
20 All these went and built themselves cities as they found fit places for them, and they called
their cities after the names of their fathers Cush, Mitzraim, Phut and Canaan.
21 And the children of Mitzraim are the Ludim, Anamim, Lehabim, Naphtuchim, Pathrusim,
Casluchim and Caphturim, seven families.
22 All these dwell by the river Sihor, that is the brook of Egypt, and they built themselves
cities and called them after their own names.
23 And the children of Pathros and Casloch intermarried together, and from them went forth
the Pelishtim, the Azathim, and the Gerarim, the Githim and the Ekronim, in all five families;
these also built themselves cities, and they called their cities after the names of their fathers
unto this day.
24 And the children of Canaan also built themselves cities, and they called their cities after
their names, eleven cities and others without number.
25 And four men from the family of Ham went to the land of the plain; these are the names of
the four men, Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboyim.
26 And these men built themselves four cities in the land of the plain, and they called the
names of their cities after their own names.
27 And they and their children and all belonging to them dwelt in those cities, and they were
fruitful and multiplied greatly and dwelt peaceably.
28 And Seir the son of Hur, son of Hivi, son of Canaan, went and found a valley opposite to
Mount Paran, and he built a city there, and he and his seven sons and his household dwelt
there, and he called the city which he built Seir, according to his name; that is the land of Seir
unto this day.
29 These are the families of the children of Ham, according to their languages and cities,
when they were scattered to their countries after the tower.
30 And some of the children of Shem son of Noah, father of all the children of Eber, also went
and built themselves cities in the places wherein they were scattered, and they called their cities after their names.
31 And the sons of Shem were Elam, Ashur, Arpachshad, Lud and Aram, and they built
themselves cities and called the names of all their cities after their names.
32 And Ashur son of Shem and his children and household went forth at that time, a very
large body of them, and they went to a distant land that they found, and they met with a very
extensive valley in the land that they went to, and they built themselves four cities, and they
called them after their own names and occurrences.
33 And these are the names of the cities which the children of Ashur built, Ninevah, Resen,
Calach and Rehobother; and the children of Ashur dwell there unto this day.
34 And the children of Aram also went and built themselves a city, and they called the name
of the city Uz after their eldest brother, and they dwell therein; that is the land of Uz to this
day.
35 And in the second year after the tower a man from the house of Ashur, whose name was
Bela, went from the land of Ninevah to sojourn with his household wherever he could find a
place; and they came until opposite the cities of the plain against Sodom, and they dwelt
there.
36 And the man rose up and built there a small city, and called its name Bela, after his name;
that is the land of Zoar unto this day.
37 And these are the families of the children of Shem according to their language and cities,
after they were scattered upon the earth after the tower.
38 And every kingdom, city, and family of the families of the children of Noah built themselves
many cities after this.
39 And they established governments in all their cities, in order to be regulated by their
orders; so did all the families of the children of Noah forever.
1 And Nimrod son of Cush was still in the land of Shinar, and he reigned over it and dwelt
there, and he built cities in the land of Shinar.
2 And these are the names of the four cities which he built, and he called their names after
the occurrences that happened to them in the building of the tower.
3 And he called the first Babel, saying, Because the Lord there confounded the language of
the whole earth; and the name of the second he called Erech, because from there God
dispersed them.
4 And the third he called Eched, saying there was a great battle at that place; and the fourth
he called Calnah, because his princes and mighty men were consumed there, and they vexed
the Lord, they rebelled and transgressed against him.
5 And when Nimrod had built these cities in the land of Shinar, he placed in them the
remainder of his people, his princes and his mighty men that were left in his kingdom.
6 And Nimrod dwelt in Babel, and he there renewed his reign over the rest of his subjects,
and he reigned securely, and the subjects and princes of Nimrod called his name Amraphel,
saying that at the tower his princes and men fell through his means.
7 And notwithstanding this, Nimrod did not return to the Lord, and he continued in wickedness
and teaching wickedness to the sons of men; and Mardon, his son, was worse than his father, and
continued to add to the abominations of his father.
8 And he caused the sons of men to sin, therefore it is said, From the wicked goeth forth
wickedness.
9 At that time there was war between the families of the children of Ham, as they were
dwelling in the cities which they had built.
10 And Chedorlaomer, king of Elam, went away from the families of the children of Ham, and
he fought with them and he subdued them, and he went to the five cities of the plain and he
fought against them and he subdued them, and they were under his control.
11 And they served him twelve years, and they gave him a yearly tax.
12 At that time died Nahor, son of Serug, in the forty-ninth year of the life of Abram son of
Terah.
13 And in the fiftieth year of the life of Abram son of Terah, Abram came forth from the house
of Noah, and went to his father's house.
14 And Abram knew the Lord, and he went in his ways and instructions, and the Lord his God
was with him.
15 And Terah his father was in those days, still captain of the host of king Nimrod, and he still
followed strange gods.
16 And Abram came to his father's house and saw twelve gods standing there in their
temples, and the anger of Abram was kindled when he saw these images in his father's
house.
17 And Abram said, As the Lord liveth these images shall not remain in my father's house; so
shall the Lord who created me do unto me if in three days' time I do not break them all.
18 And Abram went from them, and his anger burned within him. And Abram hastened and
went from the chamber to his father's outer court, and he found his father sitting in the court,
and all his servants with him, and Abram came and sat before him.
19 And Abram asked his father, saying, Father, tell me where is God who created heaven
and earth, and all the sons of men upon earth, and who created thee and me. And Terah
answered his son Abram and said, Behold those who created us are all with us in the house.
20 And Abram said to his father, My lord, shew them to me I pray thee; and Terah brought
Abram into the chamber of the inner court, and Abram saw, and behold the whole room was
full of gods of wood and stone, twelve great images and others less than they without
number.
21 And Terah said to his son, Behold these are they which made all thou seest upon earth,
and which created me and thee, and all mankind.
22 And Terah bowed down to his gods, and he then went away from them, and Abram, his
son, went away with him.
23 And when Abram had gone from them he went to his mother and sat before her, and he
said to his mother, Behold, my father has shown me those who made heaven and earth, and
all the sons of men.
24 Now, therefore, hasten and fetch a kid from the flock, and make of it savory meat, that I
may bring it to my father's gods as an offering for them to eat; perhaps I may thereby become
acceptable to them.
25 And his mother did so, and she fetched a kid, and made savory meat thereof, and brought it to Abram, and Abram took the savory meat from his mother and brought it
before his father's gods, and he drew nigh to them that they might eat; and Terah his father,
did not know of it.
26 And Abram saw on the day when he was sitting amongst them, that they had no voice, no
hearing, no motion, and not one of them could stretch forth his hand to eat.
27 And Abram mocked them, and said, Surely the savory meat that I prepared has not
pleased them, or perhaps it was too little for them, and for that reason they would not eat;
therefore tomorrow I will prepare fresh savory meat, better and more plentiful than this, in
order that I may see the result.
28 And it was on the next day that Abram directed his mother concerning the savory meat,
and his mother rose and fetched three fine kids from the flock, and she made of them some
excellent savory meat, such as her son was fond of, and she gave it to her son Abram; and
Terah his father did not know of it.
29 And Abram took the savory meat from his mother, and brought it before his father's gods
into the chamber; and he came nigh unto them that they might eat, and he placed it before
them, and Abram sat before them all day, thinking perhaps they might eat.
30 And Abram viewed them, and behold they had neither voice nor hearing, nor did one of
them stretch forth his hand to the meat to eat.
31 And in the evening of that day in that house Abram was clothed with the spirit of God.
32 And he called out and said, Wo unto my father and this wicked generation, whose hearts
are all inclined to vanity, who serve these idols of wood and stone which can neither eat,
smell, hear nor speak, who have mouths without speech, eyes without sight, ears without
hearing, hands without feeling, and legs which cannot move; like them are those that made
them and that trust in them.
33 And when Abram saw all these things his anger was kindled against his father, and he
hastened and took a hatchet in his hand, and came unto the chamber of the gods, and he
broke all his father's gods.
34 And when he had done breaking the images, he placed the hatchet in the hand of the
great god which was there before them, and he went out; and Terah his father came home,
for he had heard at the door the sound of the striking of the hatchet; so Terah came into the
house to know what this was about.
35 And Terah, having heard the noise of the hatchet in the room of images, ran to the room to
the images, and he met Abram going out.
36 And Terah entered the room and found all the idols fallen down and broken, and the
hatchet in the hand of the largest, which was not broken, and the savory meat which Abram
his son had made was still before them.
37 And when Terah saw this his anger was greatly kindled, and he hastened and went from
the room to Abram.
38 And he found Abram his son still sitting in the house; and he said to him, What is this work
thou hast done to my gods?
39 And Abram answered Terah his father and he said, Not so my lord, for I brought savory
meat before them, and when I came nigh to them with the meat that they might eat, they all at
once stretched forth their hands to eat before the great one had put forth his hand to eat.
40 And the large one saw their works that they did before him, and his anger was violently
kindled against them, and he went and took the hatchet that was in the house and came to
them and broke them all, and behold the hatchet is yet in his hand as thou seest.
41 And Terah's anger was kindled against his son Abram, when he spoke this; and Terah
said to Abram his son in his anger, What is this tale that thou hast told? Thou speakest lies to
me.
42 Is there in these gods spirit, soul or power to do all thou hast told me? Are they not wood
and stone, and have I not myself made them, and canst thou speak such lies, saying that the
large god that was with them smote them? It is thou that didst place the hatchet in his hands,
and then sayest he smote them all.
43 And Abram answered his father and said to him, And how canst thou then serve these
idols in whom there is no power to do any thing? Can those idols in which thou trustest deliver
thee? can they hear thy prayers when thou callest upon them? can they deliver thee from the
hands of thy enemies, or will they fight thy battles for thee against thy enemies, that thou
shouldst serve wood and stone which can neither speak nor hear?
44 And now surely it is not good for thee nor for the sons of men that are connected with
thee, to do these things; are you so silly, so foolish or so short of understanding that you will
serve wood and stone, and do after this manner?
45 And forget the Lord God who made heaven and earth, and who created you in the earth,
and thereby bring a great evil upon your souls in this matter by serving stone and wood?
46 Did not our fathers in days of old sin in this matter, and the Lord God of the universe
brought the waters of the flood upon them and destroyed the whole earth?
47 And how can you continue to do this and serve gods of wood and stone, who cannot hear,
or speak, or deliver you from oppression, thereby bringing down the anger of the God of the
universe upon you?
48 Now therefore my father refrain from this, and bring not evil upon thy soul and the souls of
thy household.
49 And Abram hastened and sprang from before his father, and took the hatchet from his
father's largest idol, with which Abram broke it and ran away.
50 And Terah, seeing all that Abram had done, hastened to go from his house, and he went
to the king and he came before Nimrod and stood before him, and he bowed down to the
king; and the king said, What dost thou want?
51 And he said, I beseech thee my lord, to hear me--Now fifty years back a child was born to
me, and thus has he done to my gods and thus has he spoken; and now therefore, my lord
and king, send for him that he may come before thee, and judge him according to the law,
that we may be delivered from his evil.
52 And the king sent three men of his servants, and they went and brought Abram before the
king. And Nimrod and all his princes and servants were that day sitting before him, and Terah
sat also before them.
53 And the king said to Abram, What is this that thou hast done to thy father and to his gods?
And Abram answered the king in the words that he spoke to his father, and he said, The large god that was with them in the house did to them
what thou hast heard.
54 And the king said to Abram, Had they power to speak and eat and do as thou hast said?
And Abram answered the king, saying, And if there be no power in them why dost thou serve
them and cause the sons of men to err through thy follies?
55 Dost thou imagine that they can deliver thee or do anything small or great, that thou
shouldst serve them? And why wilt thou not sense the God of the whole universe, who
created thee and in whose power it is to kill and keep alive?
56 0 foolish, simple, and ignorant king, woe unto thee forever.
57 I thought thou wouldst teach thy servants the upright way, but thou hast not done this, but
hast filled the whole earth with thy sins and the sins of thy people who have followed thy
ways.
58 Dost thou not know, or hast thou not heard, that this evil which thou doest, our ancestors
sinned therein in days of old, and the eternal God brought the waters of the flood upon them
and destroyed them all, and also destroyed the whole earth on their account? And wilt thou
and thy people rise up now and do like unto this work, in order to bring down the anger of the
Lord God of the universe, and to bring evil upon thee and the whole earth?
59 Now therefore put away this evil deed which thou doest, and serve the God of the
universe, as thy soul is in his hands, and then it will be well with thee.
60 And if thy wicked heart will not hearken to my words to cause thee to forsake thy evil ways,
and to serve the eternal God, then wilt thou die in shame in the latter days, thou, thy people
and all who are connected with thee, hearing thy words or walking in thy evil ways.
61 And when Abram had ceased speaking before the king and princes, Abram lifted up his
eyes to the heavens, and he said, The Lord seeth all the wicked, and he will judge them.
1 And when the king heard the words of Abram he ordered him to be put into prison; and
Abram was ten days in prison.
2 And at the end of those days the king ordered that all the kings, princes and governors of
different provinces and the sages should come before him, and they sat before him, and
Abram was still in the house of confinement.
3 And the king said to the princes and sages, Have you heard what Abram, the son of Terah,
has done to his father? Thus has he done to him, and I ordered him to be brought before me,
and thus has he spoken; his heart did not misgive him, neither did he stir in my presence, and
behold now he is confined in the prison.
4 And therefore decide what judgment is due to this man who reviled the king; who spoke and
did all the things that you heard.
5 And they all answered the king saying, The man who revileth the king should be hanged
upon a tree; but having done all the things that he said, and having despised our gods, he
must therefore be burned to death, for this is the law in this matter.
6 If it pleaseth the king to do this, let him order his servants to kindle a fire both night and day
in thy brick furnace, and then we will cast this man into it. And the king did so, and he commanded his servants that they should prepare a fire for three
days and three nights in the king's furnace, that is in Casdim; and the king ordered them to
take Abram from prison and bring him out to be burned.
7 And all the king's servants, princes, lords, governors, and judges, and all the inhabitants of
the land, about nine hundred thousand men, stood opposite the furnace to see Abram.
8 And all the women and little ones crowded upon the roofs and towers to see what was
doing with Abram, and they all stood together at a distance; and there was not a man left that
did not come on that day to behold the scene.
9 And when Abram was come, the conjurors of the king and the sages saw Abram, and they
cried out to the king, saying, Our sovereign lord, surely this is the man whom we know to
have been the child at whose birth the great star swallowed the four stars, which we declared
to the king now fifty years since.
10 And behold now his father has also transgressed thy commands, and mocked thee by
bringing thee another child, which thou didst kill.
11 And when the king heard their words, he was exceedingly wroth, and he ordered Terah to
be brought before him.
12 And the king said, Hast thou heard what the conjurors have spoken? Now tell me truly,
how didst thou; and if thou shalt speak truth thou shalt be acquitted.
13 And seeing that the king's anger was so much kindled, Terah said to the king, My lord and
king, thou hast heard the truth, and what the sages have spoken is right. And the king said,
How couldst thou do this thing, to transgress my orders and to give me a child that thou didst
not beget, and to take value for him?
14 And Terah answered the king, Because my tender feelings were excited for my son, at that
time, and I took a son of my handmaid, and I brought him to the king.
15 And the king said Who advised thee to this? Tell me, do not hide aught from me, and then
thou shalt not die.
16 And Terah was greatly terrified in the king's presence, and he said to the king, It was
Haran my eldest son who advised me to this; and Haran was in those days that Abram was
born, two and thirty years old.
17 But Haran did not advise his father to anything, for Terah said this to the king in order to
deliver his soul from the king, for he feared greatly; and the king said to Terah, Haran thy son
who advised thee to this shall die through fire with Abram; for the sentence of death is upon
him for having rebelled against the king's desire in doing this thing.
18 And Haran at that time felt inclined to follow the ways of Abram, but he kept it within
himself.
19 And Haran said in his heart, Behold now the king has seized Abram on account of these
things which Abram did, and it shall come to pass, that if Abram prevail over the king I will
follow him, but if the king prevail I will go after the king.
20 And when Terah had spoken this to the king concerning Haran his son, the king ordered
Haran to be seized with Abram.
21 And they brought them both, Abram and Haran his brother, to cast them into the fire; and
all the inhabitants of the land and the king's servants and princes and all the women and little
ones were there, standing that day over them.
22 And the king's servants took Abram and his brother, and they stripped them of all their
clothes excepting their lower garments which were upon them.
23 And they bound their hands and feet with linen cords, and the servants of the king lifted
them up and cast them both into the furnace.
24 And the Lord loved Abram and he had compassion over him, and the Lord came down
and delivered Abram from the fire and he was not burned.
25 But all the cords with which they bound him were burned, while Abram remained and
walked about in the fire.
26 And Haran died when they had cast him into the fire, and he was burned to ashes, for his
heart was not perfect with the Lord; and those men who cast him into the fire, the flame of the
fire spread over them, and they were burned, and twelve men of them died.
27 And Abram walked in the midst of the fire three days and three nights, and all the servants
of the king saw him walking in the fire, and they came and told the king, saying, Behold we
have seen Abram walking about in the midst of the fire, and even the lower garments which
are upon him are not burned, but the cord with which he was bound is burned.
28 And when the king heard their words his heart fainted and he would not believe them; so
he sent other faithful princes to see this matter, and they went and saw it and told it to the
king; and the king rose to go and see it, and he saw Abram walking to and fro in the midst of
the fire, and he saw Haran's body burned, and the king wondered greatly.
29 And the king ordered Abram to be taken out from the fire; and his servants approached to
take him out and they could not, for the fire was round about and the flame ascending toward
them from the furnace.
30 And the king's servants fled from it, and the king rebuked them, saying, Make haste and
bring Abram out of the fire that you shall not die.
31 And the servants of the king again approached to bring Abram out, and the flames came
upon them and burned their faces so that eight of them died.
32 And when the king saw that his servants could not approach the fire lest they should be
burned, the king called to Abram, O servant of the God who is in heaven, go forth from amidst
the fire and come hither before me; and Abram hearkened to the voice of the king, and he
went forth from the fire and came and stood before the king.
33 And when Abram came out the king and all his servants saw Abram coming before the
king, with his lower garments upon him, for they were not burned, but the cord with which he
was bound was burned.
34 And the king said to Abram, How is it that thou wast not burned in the fire?
35 And Abram said to the king, The God of heaven and earth in whom I trust and who has all
in his power, he delivered me from the fire into which thou didst cast me.
36 And Haran the brother of Abram was burned to ashes, and they sought for his body, and
they found it consumed.
37 And Haran was eighty-two years old when he died in the fire of Casdim. And the king,
princes, and inhabitants of the land, seeing that Abram was delivered from the fire, they came and bowed down to Abram.
38 And Abram said to them, Do not bow down to me, but bow down to the God of the world
who made you, and serve him, and go in his ways for it is he who delivered me from out of
this fire, and it is he who created the souls and spirits of all men, an